{"id":17733,"date":"2015-04-01T12:07:41","date_gmt":"2015-04-01T09:07:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/balarisi.org\/?p=17733"},"modified":"2015-04-09T15:04:58","modified_gmt":"2015-04-09T12:04:58","slug":"mugla-ballarinin-mikrobiyolojik-ozellikleri-ve-apiterapideki-yeri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/?p=17733","title":{"rendered":"Mu\u011fla ballar\u0131n\u0131n mikrobiyolojik \u00f6zellikleri ve apiterapideki yeri"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nur Ceyhan<\/strong>
\nY\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, Mu\u011fla \u00dcniversitesi \/ Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \/ Biyoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131, 2000, 139 s.
\nTEZ NO: 97757<\/strong>
\nSorgu Penceresine TEZ NO’yu yazarak Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 Bilgi ve PDF d\u00f6k\u00fcmana ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z <\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6ZET
\n<\/strong>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada, Mu\u011fla’n\u0131n farkl\u0131 il\u00e7elerinden toplanan 30’u \u00e7i\u00e7ek, 54’\u00fc salg\u0131 bal\u0131 olmak \u00fczere toplam 84 bal\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli mikrobiyolojik \u00f6zellikleri incelenmi\u015ftir. Ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan bu \u00f6zelliklerden biri ballar\u0131n mikrobiyal flora y\u00fck\u00fcd\u00fcr. Ayr\u0131ca gr (+) bakterilerden Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptomyces rochei; gr (-) bakterilerden Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Brucella melitensis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella typhi, Shigella sonnei, Helicobacter pylori; funguslardan Aspergillus niger, Candida trophicalis ve Saccharomyces carlbergensis \u00fczerindeki antimikrobiyal etkileri incelenmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcksek antimikrobiyal etki g\u00f6steren ballar\u0131n \u015feker analizleri yap\u0131larak bu ballarla ayn\u0131 miktarda ve t\u00fcrde \u015feker i\u00e7eri\u011findeki sol\u00fcsyonlar haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ballar\u0131n antimikrobiyal etkilerinde \u015fekerlerin katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek amac\u0131yla bu sol\u00fcsyonlar\u0131n antimikrobiyal etkileri saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Toplam aerop mezofil bakteri say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ek ballar\u0131nda 6.5xl02 – 3.0xl04 CFU\/g, salg\u0131 ballar\u0131nda l.OxlO3 – 5.8xl04 CFU\/g; toplam koliform bakteri say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ek ballar\u0131nda 1.2×1\u00fc1 – 7.5xl03 CFU\/g, salg\u0131 ballar\u0131nda l.OxlO2 – 8.0xl03 CFU\/g; termofil bakteri say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n 2 adet \u00e7i\u00e7ek bal\u0131nda <10 CFU\/g, 1 1 adet salg\u0131 bal\u0131nda <10 -\u000bm 1.5×1 01 CFU\/g; maya ve k\u00fcf say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ek ballar\u0131nda 1.0×1 02- 8.8×1 03 CFU\/g, salg\u0131 ballar\u0131nda 1.0×10 – 9.0×10 CFU\/g; ozmotolerant maya say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ek ballar\u0131nda 1.0×1 03 – 6.2×1 04 CFU\/g, salg\u0131 ballar\u0131nda ise 1.0×1 03 – 5.0×1 04 CFU\/g aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fi bulunmu\u015ftur. Kullan\u0131lan ballar\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fik mikroorganizma gruplar\u0131na de\u011fi\u015fik d\u00fczeylerde etkiler g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi, fakat nadir de olsa baz\u0131 mikroorganizmalar \u00fczerinde baz\u0131 ballar\u0131n etkisiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Gr (+) ve gr (-) bakteriler \u00fczerinde ballar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu antimikrobiyal etkinin benzer d\u00fczeyde oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. Zira ballar gr (+) bakteriler \u00fczerinde 17 mm’lik, gr (-) bakteriler \u00fczerinde ise 18 mm’lik ortalama inhibisyon zon \u00e7ap\u0131 olu\u015fturmu\u015ftur. Ballara maksimum hassasiyeti gr (+) bakterilerden S pyogenes, gr (-) bakterilerden ise S. typhi ve S. sonnei; minimum hassasiyeti ise gr (+) bakterilerden S. rochei, gr (-) bakterilerden ise H. pylori g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. Funguslann ise bakterilere oranla daha az hassasiyet g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Ballar\u0131n Bacillus, Proteus ve Staphylococcus gibi ayn\u0131 cinse ait t\u00fcrler \u00fczerinde meydana getirdikleri antimikrobiyal etkinin birbirine yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu ancak Streptococcus cinsine ait t\u00fcrlerde ise farkl\u0131 oldu\u011fu bulunmu\u015ftur. Ayr\u0131ca d\u00fcnyada giderek artan bir h\u0131zla yay\u0131lan H. pylori enfeksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n tedavisinde bal\u0131n kullan\u0131labilme olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in vitro olarak ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bal \u00f6rneklerinden 77 adedinin bakteri \u00fczerinde antimikrobiyal etki g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Mikroorganizmalar \u00fczerinde en y\u00fcksek antimikrobiyal etkiyi olu\u015fturan 5 adet bal\u0131n \u015feker analizi yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ballarla ayn\u0131 oran ve t\u00fcrde \u015fekerler ile haz\u0131rlanan sol\u00fcsyonlar\u0131n antimikrobiyal etkilerine de bak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ballar\u0131n mikroorganizmalar \u00fczerindeki etkilerinin \u015feker sol\u00fcsyonlar\u0131ndan daha fazla oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Ballarla\u000bIV mikroorganizmalar \u00fczerinde maximum 11-34 mm’lik, \u015feker sol\u00fcsyonlanyla ise 12-17 mm’lik inhibisyon zon \u00e7aplar\u0131n\u0131n elde edildi\u011fi belirlenmi\u015ftir. % 50’lik bal dil\u00fcsyonlannm sahip oldu\u011fu antimikrobiyal etki bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00e7i\u00e7ek ve salg\u0131 ballan aras\u0131nda \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir fark\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ancak ballar i\u00e7inde en y\u00fcksek inhibisyon zon \u00e7ap\u0131 olu\u015fturan 5 adet bal\u0131n \u00e7i\u00e7ek bal\u0131 oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Y\u00fcksek antimikrobiyal etkilerine g\u00f6re \u00e7i\u00e7ek ballar\u0131ndan ilk s\u0131ray\u0131 kekik ballan, ikinci s\u0131ray\u0131 ke\u00e7iboynuzu ballan ve \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc s\u0131ray\u0131 kestane ballan almaktad\u0131r. Ke\u00e7iboynuzu ballanndan en y\u00fcksek etkiyi ise anason i\u00e7eren bal g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130ncelenen bal \u00f6rneklerinin antimikrobiyal etkilerinin il\u00e7eden il\u00e7eye \u00f6nemli olmasa da farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dalaman, Milas ve Yata\u011fan ballann\u0131n, Ula ve Yerkesik ballann\u0131n, K\u00f6yce\u011fiz, Dat\u00e7a ve Bodrum ballann\u0131n birbirleriyle ayn\u0131 antimikrobiyal etkiye, Marmaris il\u00e7elerinden toplanan ballann ise en az antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip oldu\u011fu tespit edilmi\u015ftir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmada incelenen, yurdumuzda bal \u00fcretimi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ilk s\u0131rada yer alan Mu\u011fla ili ballar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun olduk\u00e7a y\u00fcksek antimikrobiyal etkiye sahip olduklan tespit edilmi\u015ftir. \u0130n vivo \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla da desteklenmesi ko\u015fuluyla enfeksiyon hastal\u0131klann\u0131n tedavisinde kemoterap\u00f6tiklere alternatif olabilece\u011fi kanaatine vanlm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca tamamen do\u011fal bir \u00fcr\u00fcn olu\u015fu, zararl\u0131 hi\u00e7bir yan etkiye sahip olmay\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve lezzeti nedeniyle t\u00fcketiminin kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bal\u0131n g\u00fcvenli bir \u015fekilde g\u0131da sanayii, kozmetik sanayii, eczac\u0131l\u0131k, s\u00fct teknolojisi, alkoll\u00fc i\u00e7ki sanayii gibi bir\u00e7ok sanayii alan\u0131nda kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 yayg\u0131n hale getirmi\u015ftir.
\nAnahtar Kelimeler: <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nur Ceyhan Y\u00fcksek Lisans Tezi, Mu\u011fla \u00dcniversitesi \/ Fen Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc \/ Biyoloji Anabilim Dal\u0131, 2000, 139 s. TEZ NO: 97757<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-yuksek-lisans-tezleri","yazarlar-nur-ceyhan","anahtarkelimeler-antimikrobiyal-etki","anahtarkelimeler-apiterapi","anahtarkelimeler-bal","anahtarkelimeler-bal-analizi","anahtarkelimeler-bal-ve-yapisal-ozellikleri","anahtarkelimeler-bal-ve-yoresel-arastirmalar","anahtarkelimeler-mugla","anahtarkelimeler-yoresel-arastirmalar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17733"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17733\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17734,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17733\/revisions\/17734"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}