{"id":17138,"date":"2014-07-05T22:21:54","date_gmt":"2014-07-05T19:21:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/balarisi.org\/?p=17138"},"modified":"2015-03-31T16:39:38","modified_gmt":"2015-03-31T13:39:38","slug":"turkiyede-balarisi-apis-mellifera-l-hastaliklarinin-dagilimi-koloniler-uzerindeki-etkileri-ve-entegre-kontrol-yontemlerinin-uygulanmasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/?p=17138","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrkiye’de balar\u0131s\u0131 (Apis mellifera L.) hastal\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131, koloniler \u00fczerindeki etkileri ve entegre kontrol y\u00f6ntemlerinin uygulanmas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

KAFTANO\u011eLU, Osman<\/a>; KUMOVA, Ulviye<\/a>; YEN\u0130NAR, Halil<\/a>; \u00d6ZK\u00d6K, Duran<\/a><\/strong>
\nT\u00dcB\u0130TAK VHAG Proje No. 925, 1995: 1-93
\nMakale No:\u00a043312<\/strong>
\nSorgu Penceresine MAKALE NO\u2019yu yazarak Ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 Bilgi ve PDF d\u00f6k\u00fcmana ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d6ZET<\/strong>
\nBalar\u0131s\u0131 enfeksiy\u00f6z ve parziter hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda yayg\u0131nla\u015fmakta, kolonilerin zay\u0131flamas\u0131na, verimlerinin d\u00fc\u015fmesine ve kontrol edilmedi\u011finde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apta koloni kay\u0131plar\u0131na neden olmaktad\u0131r. Toplam 2827 ar\u0131c\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan anket \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n % 5,8’nin ilokulu bitiremedi\u011fi, % 69,2’nin ilkokul, % 8,4’n\u00fcn ortaokul, %10,5′ nin lise ve % 6,1 ‘nin y\u00fcksekokul mezunu oldu\u011fu, e\u011fitim d\u00fczeyi y\u00fckseldik\u00e7e ar\u0131 hastal\u0131k ve parazitlerini tan\u0131ma oran\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ankete kat\u0131lan ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n genel ya\u015f ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n 46,5 ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k deneyiminin 11,1 y\u0131l oldu\u011fu ve bunlar\u0131n V. jacobsoni, Amerikan yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, Avrupa yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, nosema ve kire\u00e7 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131ma oranlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131ras\u0131 ile % 98,2; % 75,7; % 66,6; % 70,1 ve % 91,0 oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n % 100′ n\u00fcn kolonilerinde V. jacobsoni, %24,1′ inde Amerikan yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, % 26,6′ s\u0131nda nosema ve % 73,0’de kire\u00e7 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu belirlenmi\u015ftir. V. jacobsoni m\u00fccadelesinde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n bu parazite kar\u015f\u0131 etkinlikleri incelenmi\u015f ve formik asitin %96,01\u00b12.4; fluvalinat \u00e7ubu\u011fun % 93,14+4,0; Apistan\u0131n %92,75\u00b14,8; amitraz \u00e7ubu\u011fun % 87,34\u00b16,3; Perizinin % 73,31\u00b16,6; ve Vamitrat-VA’ nm %70,82\u00b18,0 oran\u0131nda etkili oldu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Formik asitin Varroa’ya kar\u015f\u0131 olduk\u00e7a etkili oldu\u011fu, ancak di\u011fer ila\u00e7lardan daha fazla ar\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerine neden oldu\u011fu, fluvalinat ve amitraz i\u00e7erikli ila\u00e7lar\u0131n ise uzun s\u00fcre kovanda tutulmalar\u0131 ve yanl\u0131\u015f uygulamalar nedeniyle etkinliklerinin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131, parazitin bu ila\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7 kazanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Kire\u00e7 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 nystatinin % 98,79+0,48 ve formik asitin % 86,12\u00b15,94 oran\u0131nda etkili oldu\u011fu saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak hastal\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 koloniler aras\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir genetik varyasyonun oldu\u011fu ve hastal\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 dayan\u0131kl\u0131 hatlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilerek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabilece\u011fi g\u00f6zlenmi\u015ftir. Nosema hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, hastal\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen ar\u0131l\u0131klarda kolonilerin fumagillinli \u015furupla beslenmesinin gerekti\u011fi, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 kolonileri ise ilkbahar ve sonbaharda sadece \u015furupla beslemenin yeterli olaca\u011f\u0131 belirlenmi\u015ftir. V. jacobsoni m\u00fccadelesi amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7lar\u0131n balmumu ve baldaki kal\u0131nt\u0131 sorununu azaltmak ve bu ila\u00e7lara kar\u015f\u0131 diren\u00e7li akar hatlar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek amac\u0131yla ar\u0131c\u0131lar ar\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda e\u011fitilmeli, ila\u00e7lar sadece ila\u00e7lama mevsiminde ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Anahtar Kelimeler<\/strong>: Ar\u0131 hastal\u0131klar\u0131<\/a>; Kire\u00e7 hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a>; Bal ar\u0131s\u0131 kolonileri<\/a>; Nosema hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131<\/a>; Varroa jacobsoni<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

KAFTANO\u011eLU, Osman; KUMOVA, Ulviye; YEN\u0130NAR, Halil; \u00d6ZK\u00d6K, Duran T\u00dcB\u0130TAK VHAG Proje No. 925, 1995: 1-93 Makale No:\u00a043312<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[1177,60,59,58,51,52],"class_list":["post-17138","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-tubitak-destekli-projeler","tag-ari-hastaliklari","tag-ari-hastaliklariyla-mucadele-yontemleri","tag-duran-ozkok","tag-halil-yeninar","tag-osman-kaftanoglu","tag-ulviye-kumova","yazarlar-duran-ozkok","yazarlar-halil-yeninar","yazarlar-osman-kaftanoglu","yazarlar-ulviye-kumova","anahtarkelimeler-amerikan-yavru-curuklugu","anahtarkelimeler-ari-hastaliklari","anahtarkelimeler-ari-hastaliklari-ile-mucadele","anahtarkelimeler-ari-hastaliklari-yoresel-arastirmalar","anahtarkelimeler-kirec-hastaligi","anahtarkelimeler-nosema","anahtarkelimeler-varroa","anahtarkelimeler-yoresel-arastirmalar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17138","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=17138"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17138\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17690,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17138\/revisions\/17690"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=17138"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=17138"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=17138"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}