Avrupa yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha \u00e7ok ilkbahar ve yaz ba\u015f\u0131nda zay\u0131f kovanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00f6zellikle nektar\u0131n az oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Kovanlar\u0131n zay\u0131f ve k\u00f6t\u00fc k\u0131\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 , ilkbaharda so\u011fuk ve nemli havalar\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre devam etmesi, yetersiz beslenme, stres ve nektar ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7 ba\u015flamas\u0131 sonunda hastal\u0131k belirtileri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyada en yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131klardan biridir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n etmeni en son yap\u0131lan s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re Melisococcus pluton ad\u0131nda bir bakteridir. Hastal\u0131kta di\u011fer baz\u0131 (sekonder) bakteri t\u00fcrleri de g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr ancak bunlar do\u011frudan hastal\u0131k olu\u015fturmazlar fakat \u00f6l\u00fc larvan\u0131n kokusu ve k\u0131vam\u0131 \u00fczerinde etkili olurlar.<\/p>\n
HASTALI\u011eIN BEL\u0130RT\u0130S\u0130<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc kokmu\u015f et ya da bal\u0131k kokusunu and\u0131ran kokusu kovan a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda alg\u0131lanabilir. A\u00e7\u0131k yavru d\u00f6neminde \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f larvalar koyu kahverengi ve siyaha yak\u0131n renktedir ve larvadaki renk de\u011fi\u015fimi \u00f6nemli bir belirtidir.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ok \u015fiddetli seyretti\u011fi durumlarda kapal\u0131 yavru g\u00f6zlerinde de g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f larva bir \u00e7\u00f6ple \u00e7ekildi\u011finde Amerikan yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fclen ipliksi uzama g\u00f6r\u00fclmez, kolayca petek h\u00fccresinden \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131labilir. Genellikle, Amerikan yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kapal\u0131 yavrularda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken Avrupa yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k yavrularda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Avrupa yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir hastal\u0131kt\u0131r. Ancak \u00e7o\u011fu yerde enfeksiyonun seviyesi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seyretti\u011fi ve kuvvetli koloniler, hastal\u0131kla kendi kendine ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnden ka\u00e7maktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Hastal\u0131\u011fa yakalanm\u0131\u015f kovanlarda canl\u0131, istekli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan i\u015f\u00e7i ar\u0131larda a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bir hassasiyet , tedirginlik, isteksizlik ve tembellik g\u00f6ze \u00e7arpar. \u00f6l\u00fc larvalar\u0131n rengi de\u011fi\u015fir, donuk beyazdan \u00f6nce sar\u0131 sonra kahverengi ve sonra da siyaha d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Larvalar genellikle kangal (C harfi) formundayken \u00f6l\u00fcrler. \u00f6len larvalar sulu, yumu\u015fak bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015ftedirler sonralar\u0131 ise hamur k\u0131vam\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131rlar .<\/p>\n
M\u00fcCADELES\u0130<\/p>\n
Amerikan yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcndeki uygulaman\u0131n aksine \u015fiddetli durumlar hari\u00e7, bu hastal\u0131kta ar\u0131lar\u0131n ve yavru peteklerin imhas\u0131na gerek yoktur. Koloninin ana ar\u0131s\u0131 bir s\u00fcre kovan i\u00e7erisinde kafeslenerek yumurta atmas\u0131 engellenir. Oxytetracycline, erythromycin veya di\u011fer antibiyotik uygulamalar\u0131 ile tedavi edilebilir. Ancak, antibiyotik kullan\u0131m\u0131 konusunda mutlak surette bir uzman\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f ve \u00f6nerileri al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc antibiyotikler belli aral\u0131klarla, belli dozlarda ve belli bir s\u00fcre i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken maddelerdir. Aksi halde ar\u0131 kolonisine, aile b\u00fct\u00e7esine ve bal\u0131n kalitesine zarar verilir. Antibiyotik verilen kovan\u0131n bal\u0131 uzun bir s\u00fcre t\u00fcketilmemelidir. \u00f6rne\u011fin bu s\u00fcrenin oxytetracycline grubu i\u00e7in en az 8 hafta olmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n di\u011fer antibiyotik gruplar\u0131 i\u00e7in 1 y\u0131la kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilir.<\/p>\n
Ar\u0131l\u0131kta kullan\u0131lan ekipman ve hastal\u0131kl\u0131 kolonilerin bo\u015f kovanlar\u0131 50 lt suya 1 kg soda veya 1\/1’lik amonyum klorid eriyi\u011fi ile dezenfekte edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
(KAYNAK: YAY\u00c7EP, ARICILIK) <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Avrupa yavru \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha \u00e7ok ilkbahar ve yaz ba\u015f\u0131nda zay\u0131f kovanlarda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. \u00f6zellikle nektar\u0131n az oldu\u011fu d\u00f6nemlerde daha s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kovanlar\u0131n zay\u0131f ve k\u00f6t\u00fc k\u0131\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131 , ilkbaharda so\u011fuk ve nemli havalar\u0131n uzun s\u00fcre devam etmesi, yetersiz beslenme, stres ve nektar ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7 ba\u015flamas\u0131 sonunda hastal\u0131k belirtileri g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. D\u00fcnyada en yayg\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131klardan biridir. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-ari-hastaliklari"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12116"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12117,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12116\/revisions\/12117"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}