Bir ar\u0131 kolonisinin o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma arzusunun nedenleri bilinirse, bunu engellemenin y\u00f6ntemleri de kendili\u011finden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu nedenler k\u0131saca \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
1) Ar\u0131 n\u00fcfusu kovan i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131kararak bu s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan kurtulmak ister. \u0130\u00e7erideki s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6stergesi ise \u00f6zellikle g\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131cak saatlerinde ar\u0131lar\u0131n u\u00e7ma tahtas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya salk\u0131mlar olu\u015fturarak sarkmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu o kovan\u0131n o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filiminin ilk i\u015faretidir.<\/p>\n
2) Kovan i\u00e7i havaland\u0131rma \u00e7ok iyi de\u011filse ya da kovan k\u0131zg\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f alt\u0131nda bulunuyorsa ar\u0131lar i\u00e7eride bunal\u0131r ve o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimine girer.<\/p>\n
3) Ana ar\u0131n\u0131n yumurtlama alanlar\u0131n\u0131n bitmesi. Ana ar\u0131 petekler \u00fczerinde yumurtlayacak bo\u015f h\u00fccre bulam\u0131yorsa kovan yine o\u011ful e\u011filimine girer.<\/p>\n
4) O\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimi o ar\u0131 \u0131rk\u0131n\u0131n kal\u0131t\u0131msal bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi olabilir. Bu t\u00fcr bir \u00f6zelli\u011fi olan ar\u0131 \u0131rk\u0131 kolayca o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimine girer.<\/p>\n
Ar\u0131 kolonisinin o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimini engellemek i\u00e7in al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekli \u00f6nlemler ise \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n
1) \u0130lkbaharda h\u0131zl\u0131 kulu\u00e7ka faaliyeti sonucunda n\u00fcfus iyice artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, ar\u0131lar kulu\u00e7kal\u0131kta s\u0131k\u0131\u015fmadan ball\u0131klar\u0131n konulmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n
2) Havalar\u0131n iyice \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131yla birlikte ar\u0131lar\u0131n kovana rahat\u00e7a girip \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak ve kovan i\u00e7i havaland\u0131rmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in, kovan giri\u015f delikleri sonuna kadar a\u00e7\u0131k hale getirilir. Kovan k\u0131zg\u0131n g\u00fcne\u015f alt\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131lmaz g\u00f6lge alt\u0131na koymak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011filse, \u00fczeri dal, \u00e7al\u0131, ot vesaire ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
3) \u00c7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen ve o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimine girece\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lan kovanlardan kapal\u0131 g\u00f6zl\u00fc yavrulu \u00e7er\u00e7evelerden al\u0131narak zay\u0131f kovanlara verilir, b\u00f6ylece koloninin \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fmesi yava\u015flat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur.<\/p>\n
4) Ana ar\u0131ya yumurtlayacak bo\u015f alan sa\u011flan\u0131r. E\u011fer kulu\u00e7kal\u0131ktaki \u00e7er\u00e7eveler a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yavru ya da a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bal depolama y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bloke olmu\u015fsa, bunlar al\u0131narak yerine bo\u015f \u00e7er\u00e7eveler konur. B\u00f6ylece ana ar\u0131n\u0131n rahatl\u0131kla yumurtalar\u0131n\u0131 b\u0131rakaca\u011f\u0131 alanlar sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f olur. E\u011fer \u00e7er\u00e7eveler bal y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bloke olmu\u015fsa, bunlar\u0131n yerine kabart\u0131lm\u0131\u015f petekli \u00e7er\u00e7eve koymamak gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ar\u0131lar bu \u00e7er\u00e7eveleri de hemen bal ile doldurarak ana ar\u0131n\u0131n yumurtlamas\u0131na imkan vermezler. Temel petekli \u00e7er\u00e7eve tak\u0131l\u0131rsa, petekler kabart\u0131ld\u0131k\u00e7a ana ar\u0131 yumurtas\u0131n\u0131 koyma imkan\u0131 bulur.<\/p>\n
Ana ar\u0131ya bol yumurtlama alan\u0131 a\u00e7mak i\u00e7in kulu\u00e7kal\u0131ktaki \u00fczeri s\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f yavru g\u00f6zl\u00fc \u00e7er\u00e7evelerden 4-5 tanesi al\u0131narak yerine temel petek tak\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u00e7er\u00e7eve konur. Yavrulu petekler ise ball\u0131\u011f\u0131n ortas\u0131na yerle\u015ftirilir. B\u00f6ylece kulu\u00e7kal\u0131kta ana ar\u0131ya yumurtlayacak geni\u015f bir alan yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. E\u011fer kulu\u00e7kal\u0131kla ball\u0131k aras\u0131na ana \u0131zgaras\u0131 konursa ana ar\u0131 \u00fcst kata \u00e7\u0131k\u0131p yumurtlayamayaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, kapal\u0131 g\u00f6zlerden yavrular \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131ktan sonra ar\u0131lar \u00fcst kattaki bo\u015f peteklere hemen bal doldurmaya ba\u015flar.<\/p>\n
5) Kulu\u00e7kal\u0131ktaki \u00e7er\u00e7eveler haftada bir kontrol edilerek varsa ana ar\u0131 y\u00fcks\u00fckleri imha edilir. Ana ar\u0131 y\u00fcks\u00fcklerinin yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 kovan\u0131n illaki o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmez. Bu y\u00fczden i\u00e7inde yumurta bulunmayan h\u00fccreleri bozmak i\u00e7in zaman harcanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. E\u011fer bu y\u00fcks\u00fcklerin i\u00e7ine yumurta ve ar\u0131 s\u00fct\u00fc b\u0131rak\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa bu o\u011ful haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n en \u00f6nemli i\u015faretidir.<\/p>\n
Bu y\u00fcks\u00fckleri imha ederken dikkat edilmesi gereken en \u00f6nemli noktalardan birisi de, kapal\u0131 olup olmad\u0131klar\u0131d\u0131r. Hen\u00fcz kapat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f \u00fczeri a\u00e7\u0131k olan y\u00fcks\u00fckler rahatl\u0131kla imha edilebilir. Fakat e\u011fer kapal\u0131 ana ar\u0131 y\u00fcks\u00fc\u011f\u00fc varsa bu o kovan\u0131n o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Bu y\u00fczden b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u00fckleri imha etmek o kovan\u0131 ana ar\u0131s\u0131z b\u0131rakmak demektir. Kapal\u0131 y\u00fcks\u00fckler g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bunlardan 1-2 tanesini se\u00e7erek bozmadan b\u0131rakmak gerekir. \u0130ri, g\u00f6steri\u015fli ve \u00fczeri p\u00fct\u00fcrl\u00fc olan ana memeleri tercih edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
O\u011ful vermek amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan ana ar\u0131 y\u00fcks\u00fcklerinin say\u0131s\u0131 genelde 10-15 kadard\u0131r. Ana ar\u0131y\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan y\u00fcks\u00fckler ise 2-4 tane civar\u0131ndad\u0131r. O\u011ful i\u00e7in yap\u0131lan y\u00fcks\u00fckler, ana ar\u0131dan gizlemek i\u00e7in \u00e7er\u00e7evelerin dip taraflar\u0131nda, gizli k\u00f6\u015felerinde bulunur. Ana ar\u0131y\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirme amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan y\u00fcks\u00fckler ise \u00e7er\u00e7evenin ortas\u0131nda, kulu\u00e7kan\u0131n bol oldu\u011fu alanlarda yer al\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk \u00e7\u0131kan o\u011fulun hangi kovandan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fcyse, di\u011fer o\u011fullar\u0131 engellemenin en pratik bir yolu da \u015fudur: Ana kovan yerinden kald\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p ar\u0131l\u0131kta ba\u015fka bir yere ta\u015f\u0131narak, o\u011ful ar\u0131s\u0131 ana kovan\u0131n yerine konur. B\u00f6ylece d\u0131\u015far\u0131daki tarlac\u0131 ar\u0131lar da o\u011ful kovana dahil olarak koloniyi \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir hale getirirler. Tarlac\u0131 ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti\u011fi i\u00e7in n\u00fcfusu iyice azalan ana kovan ise o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karmaktan vazge\u00e7er.<\/p>\n
6) Baz\u0131 ar\u0131lar \u0131rk \u00f6zelliklerinden dolay\u0131 o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karmaya daha kolay e\u011filim g\u00f6sterirler. Bu y\u00fczden o\u011ful e\u011filimi daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan \u0131rklarla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak gerekir. Her ar\u0131c\u0131 kendi ar\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan kovanlar\u0131 belirlemeli ve bu kovanlardan \u00fcretti\u011fi ana ar\u0131lar\u0131 di\u011fer kovanlara vererek, kendi ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimini en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeye getirmelidir. O\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimi y\u00fcksek kovanlar\u0131n ana ar\u0131lar\u0131 ve erkek ar\u0131lar\u0131 f\u0131rsat bulduk\u00e7a imha edilmelidir.<\/p>\n
7) H\u0131zla geli\u015fen kolonilerden suni o\u011ful almak do\u011fal o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 engelleyen en \u00f6nemli uygulamalardan bir tanesidir. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bir ar\u0131 kolonisinin o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma arzusunun nedenleri bilinirse, bunu engellemenin y\u00f6ntemleri de kendili\u011finden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar. Bu nedenler k\u0131saca \u015funlard\u0131r: 1) Ar\u0131 n\u00fcfusu kovan i\u00e7inde \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131kararak bu s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131ktan kurtulmak ister. \u0130\u00e7erideki s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00f6stergesi ise \u00f6zellikle g\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131cak saatlerinde ar\u0131lar\u0131n u\u00e7ma tahtas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131ya salk\u0131mlar olu\u015fturarak sarkmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu o kovan\u0131n o\u011ful …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-aricilik-takvimi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12090","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12090"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12090\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12091,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12090\/revisions\/12091"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12090"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12090"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12090"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}