Ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kta verimli olmak ar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imini anlayabilmek ve ona uygun tedbirler alabilmekten ge\u00e7er. Verimli\u011fin ilk \u015fart\u0131 iyi bir ar\u0131l\u0131k yeri se\u00e7imi ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ar\u0131 kolonisidir. Bundan sonras\u0131 ar\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n teknik bilgi ve deneyimleri sonucu kullanaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Verimli olman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 maddeler halinde \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz:<\/p>\n
1) Ar\u0131l\u0131k yerinin se\u00e7imi: Ar\u0131l\u0131k yerini ba\u015ftan do\u011fru olarak se\u00e7mek daha sonra bizi bir \u00e7ok zahmetten kurtar\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ar\u0131lar\u0131n faal oldu\u011fu bir mevsimde bu yanl\u0131\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczeltme imkan\u0131 yoktur. Ar\u0131l\u0131k yeri bal kaynaklar\u0131na m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar yak\u0131n se\u00e7ilmelidir. Fabrika, yol kenar\u0131, kimyasal kirleticiler, \u00e7\u00f6pl\u00fck gibi olumsuz \u00e7evre \u015fartalar\u0131ndan uzakta olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ar\u0131l\u0131k hava \u015fartlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 korunakl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r, do\u011frudan r\u00fczgara maruz kalmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Kovanlar sabah g\u00fcne\u015fini alacak, ama \u00f6\u011fle g\u00fcne\u015finden korunacak \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmelidir. Yak\u0131nda su kayna\u011f\u0131 yoksa ar\u0131lar\u0131n su ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 giderecek \u00f6nlemler muhakkak al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
2) Ar\u0131n\u0131n cinsi: Sahip oldu\u011fumuz ar\u0131n\u0131n cinsi y\u00fcksek verim almam\u0131z\u0131 etkileyen en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden birisidir. Bu y\u00fczden m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011fu kadar \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan, iyi huylu, do\u011furgan ve kolayca o\u011fula meyletmeyen bir cinsle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yap\u0131lan denemelerde ayn\u0131 ar\u0131l\u0131kta farkl\u0131 cinsteki ar\u0131lar\u0131n getirdi\u011fi bal miktar\u0131nda 3 misli farklar g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Ar\u0131l\u0131\u011fa yak\u0131n \u00e7evrede nitelikli ar\u0131 cinslerinin sat\u0131n al\u0131nabilece\u011fi kurulu\u015flar yoksa, en iyi y\u00f6ntem ar\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n kendi ar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 \u0131slah etmesidir. Bunun i\u00e7in ar\u0131l\u0131kta verimli ve \u00fcst\u00fcn niteliklere sahip olan koloniler belirlenerek, bu kovanlardan elde edilen anaar\u0131lar di\u011fer kolonilere verilir. \u00f6zellikleri itibariyle memnun olunmayan kovanlar\u0131n erkek ar\u0131lar\u0131 imha edilerek anaar\u0131y\u0131 d\u00f6llemelerine izin verilmez. Olumsuz genetik \u00f6zelli\u011fe sahip ar\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131na izin verilmedi\u011fi i\u00e7in, ar\u0131c\u0131 2-3 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde b\u00fct\u00fcn kovanlar\u0131nda \u00fcst\u00fcn nitelikli kolonilere sahip olur.<\/p>\n
3) Gen\u00e7 ana ar\u0131: Kovan\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli olarak g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tutmak isteyen ar\u0131c\u0131, gen\u00e7 bir ana ar\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak zorundad\u0131r. Bir ana ar\u0131n\u0131n en verimli oldu\u011fu s\u00fcre 2 y\u0131ld\u0131r. 2 ya\u015f\u0131n\u0131 doldurmu\u015f bir ana \u00e7e\u015fitli y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131larak de\u011fi\u015ftirilmelidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ya\u015fl\u0131 bir anaar\u0131n\u0131n yumurtlama yetene\u011fi azalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r bu y\u00fczden kovan yeteri kadar g\u00fc\u00e7lenemez. Ayr\u0131ca ya\u015fl\u0131 anaar\u0131lar o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karmaya daha fazla e\u011filimlidirler.<\/p>\n
4) O\u011ful \u00e7\u0131kartmamak: Arazide nektar\u0131n \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu mevsimlerde ar\u0131 kolonisi h\u0131zla \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131r ve o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karma e\u011filimine girer. 2-3 hatta bazen alt\u0131ya kadar o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 olur. Her o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 kolonideki i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ve kovana getirilen bal miktar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 demektir. Ar\u0131 kolonisinin en \u00e7ok bal toplayabilece\u011fi mevsimde o\u011fula \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k bal verimini \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcr. Hatta bazen \u00e7\u0131kan o\u011fullar kendilerine yetecek bal\u0131 toplayamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 ayr\u0131ca beslemek gerekir. Onun i\u00e7in bal veriminin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyen ar\u0131c\u0131, kolonilerin o\u011ful \u00e7\u0131karmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemek ya da kontroll\u00fc o\u011fula izin vermek zorundad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
5) Kovanlar\u0131n modern ve standartlara uygun olmas\u0131: Bu da verimi etkileyen fakt\u00f6rlerden birisidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc standart kovanlar y\u0131llar\u0131n tecr\u00fcbeleri sonucunda geli\u015ftirilmi\u015flerdir. Ar\u0131 kolonisinin en iyi \u015fekilde \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131p, en iyi \u015fekilde bal toplayabilece\u011fi \u015fekilde dizayn edilmi\u015flerdir. O y\u00fczden kovan ve \u00e7er\u00e7evelerin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc standartlar\u0131na kesinlikle uyulmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00e7er\u00e7evelere suni petek tak\u0131lmas\u0131 ihmal edilmemelidir. 1 kilo petek yapabilmek i\u00e7in bir koloni 10 g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresi harcamak zorundad\u0131r. Bu da bal depolama i\u015finin aksat\u0131lmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/p>\n
6) Teknik Ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k Uygulamalar\u0131: ilkbahar sonbahar bak\u0131mlar\u0131, gerekli b\u00f6lme ve birle\u015ftirmelerin yap\u0131lmas\u0131. Konuyu geni\u015flet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ar\u0131c\u0131l\u0131kta verimli olmak ar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imini anlayabilmek ve ona uygun tedbirler alabilmekten ge\u00e7er. Verimli\u011fin ilk \u015fart\u0131 iyi bir ar\u0131l\u0131k yeri se\u00e7imi ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir ar\u0131 kolonisidir. Bundan sonras\u0131 ar\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n teknik bilgi ve deneyimleri sonucu kullanaca\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Verimli olman\u0131n \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131 maddeler halinde \u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralayabiliriz: 1) Ar\u0131l\u0131k yerinin se\u00e7imi: Ar\u0131l\u0131k yerini ba\u015ftan do\u011fru olarak …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_bbp_topic_count":0,"_bbp_reply_count":0,"_bbp_total_topic_count":0,"_bbp_total_reply_count":0,"_bbp_voice_count":0,"_bbp_anonymous_reply_count":0,"_bbp_topic_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_reply_count_hidden":0,"_bbp_forum_subforum_count":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","","category-aricilik"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12038","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12038"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12038\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12039,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12038\/revisions\/12039"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12038"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12038"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.beyazkovan.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12038"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}